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Documenting NDE results correctly comes down to recording six elements for every examination: the weld identity tied to the weld map, the written procedure and revision used, the examiner and their certification level, the raw result and disposition against named acceptance criteria, the formal handling of any reject and re-test, and a dated signature. A single missing element makes the entire record unverifiable, regardless of how sound the weld is. Key Takeaways Tie every NDE record to a unique weld

Leak tests are mandated whenever the construction code, the service conditions, or the owner’s specification call for verified leak-tightness, most often for hazardous fluids, vacuum service, certain process piping, and post-repair work. Understanding when leak tests are mandated starts with the governing code and the design basis, not the shop floor. Key Takeaways The construction code sets the baseline. ASME Section VIII, Division 1 and Section V, Article 10 define when and how a pressure vessel is leak tested. Hazardous

Deaerators are required in steam boiler systems and hot-water heating applications when dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide must be removed from feedwater to prevent corrosion, pitting, and premature equipment failure. They are mandated by system design standards, boiler codes, and plant operating requirements, and the deaerator pressure vessel must be built to ASME Section VIII when operating above defined pressure thresholds. Key Takeaways Deaerators are required in high-pressure steam systems, continuous makeup water applications, power generation plants, and process facilities

Deaerator tanks cut oxygen by heating boiler feedwater to its saturation temperature and mechanically agitating it so dissolved gases leave solution and vent continuously to the atmosphere, reducing dissolved oxygen to below 0.005 cc per liter. At that level, oxygen pitting corrosion in carbon steel boiler tubes and condensate return lines becomes negligible. Key Takeaways Deaerator oxygen removal works by exploiting the relationship between water temperature and gas solubility. As feedwater temperature rises to saturation, the solubility of dissolved oxygen

Receiver tanks typically use NPT threaded connections for smaller ports and flanged or welded connections for larger or higher-pressure applications. The correct connection depends on operating pressure, pipe size, fluid service, and ASME code requirements to ensure safe, reliable performance. Key Takeaways Standard receiver tanks use NPT (National Pipe Taper) threaded connections for ports up to two inches, including air inlet, outlet, drain, pressure gauge, and safety relief valve. Larger connections and high-pressure applications use flanged fittings conforming to ASME